Climate Change
Climate change is a significant and lasting change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. Climate change is caused by factors that include oceanic processes (such as oceanic circulation), variations in solar radiation received by Earth, plate tectonics and volcanic eruptions, and human-induced alterations of the natural world; these latter effects are currently causing global warming, and "climate change" is often used to describe human-specific impacts.
Efects, causes and solutions of the actual climatic change:
Efects:
According to the IPCC (Experts' International Panel in the Climate change), the global warming of the Earth is already a fact that is producing, and it will produce, serious consequences in the climate, the atmosphere and the biodiversity: increase of the everage temperature of the Earth during the present century between 1 and 3,5 degrees, decrease of the caps of ice in the Poles, increase of the level of the sea and floods of low zones and islands, increase of the desertification, disappearance of flora and fauna in ecosystems, shortage of water and atmospheric instabilities (hurricanes, fires, etc.), side effects of human catastrophes (spread of the famine and diseases, etc...)
Causes:
The world increase of the demand and of the energetic consumption, as well as of the industrial activity, the transport, the deforestation and the agriculture, they have ended in an increase of the emission to the atmosphere of CO2 and methane, the principal causative greenhouse gases of the climate change.
Solutions:
The climate change is a world problem that needs a world solution. The measures to relieve this terrible future happen for respecting the directives of agreements as the Protocol of Kioto: to diminish the CO2 emissions, to reduce the use of fossil fuels and to increase of renewable, to improve the efficiency and the energetic diversification, to follow a politics of sustainable development and especially to arouse of the gravity of the problem the future generations.
According to the IPCC (Experts' International Panel in the Climate change), the global warming of the Earth is already a fact that is producing, and it will produce, serious consequences in the climate, the atmosphere and the biodiversity: increase of the everage temperature of the Earth during the present century between 1 and 3,5 degrees, decrease of the caps of ice in the Poles, increase of the level of the sea and floods of low zones and islands, increase of the desertification, disappearance of flora and fauna in ecosystems, shortage of water and atmospheric instabilities (hurricanes, fires, etc.), side effects of human catastrophes (spread of the famine and diseases, etc...)
Causes:
The world increase of the demand and of the energetic consumption, as well as of the industrial activity, the transport, the deforestation and the agriculture, they have ended in an increase of the emission to the atmosphere of CO2 and methane, the principal causative greenhouse gases of the climate change.
Solutions:
The climate change is a world problem that needs a world solution. The measures to relieve this terrible future happen for respecting the directives of agreements as the Protocol of Kioto: to diminish the CO2 emissions, to reduce the use of fossil fuels and to increase of renewable, to improve the efficiency and the energetic diversification, to follow a politics of sustainable development and especially to arouse of the gravity of the problem the future generations.
Interesting data:
- Global warming. From 1850, in eleven of last twelve years the highest temperatures have registered in the surface of the planet. In the 20th century the world average temperature has increased in 0.76°C.
- The atmosphere contains more carbon dioxide. The increase of CO2 is the principal person in charge of the climate change, and his concentration in the atmosphere has increased of 278 parts for million, before the industrial age, 379 ppm.
- Water stress. From the 70s have been observed in many regions more intense and long droughts, specially in the Sahel, the Mediterranean, southern Africa and parts of southern Asia.
- Increase of the level of the sea. The increase of the level of the sea is a certain and sure information. It is calculated that in the 20th century, the total increase was 0.17 meters. The geological observations indicate that the increase of the level of the sea in the last 2000 years was very much minor.
- The glaciers melt and there is less snow. The maximum extension of land frozen in winter / spring has diminished 7 % in the north hemisphere from 1900. The glaciers of mountain and the cover of snow have diminished in both hemispheres, and have contributed to an increase of the level of the sea of 0,77 mm. Per year between 1993 and 2003.
- The Arctic warms up. The average temperatures of the Arctic practically doubled in the last 100 years. From 1978 the average extension of the Arctic Ocean has diminished in 2,7 % for decade.
Climatic change in the underdeveloped countries
In the first analysis, we might demonstrate that the climate change can be considered to be one of the major threats of the 21st century, with serious economic and social consequences. Though the climate has changed during the course of the time, at present the global warming can take us, if we do not do anything to avoid it, to a major growth of the problem, with irreparable consequences for the environment and for the humanity. These manifest modifications of the climate change, are affecting in a very special way in the poorest countries of the world and in turn, the most vulnerable.Let's remember that they were not who caused the problem, but they are those who more suffer it, and are those who possess fewer resources to adapt to this new situation of global warming. From this perspective, the climate change generates a great injustice, because the richer countries and societies that are those who more contaminate and produce a major waste of goods, for the utilization of the natural resources, all this based on economic politics, being aggravated this impunity, provided that the so called countries of the first world, they have means and technology to confront the new circumstances produced by the climate change. If really we believe that the poor countries have the right to the economic and social development and to a worthy well-being, this conviction, it will assume that the evidence of the climate change is a problem linked to the development in general, and that the actual model of life of the rich societies, is what is favoring the deterioration of the actual standard of living of the developing countries.